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10.5194/eed-2-191-2007
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191
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2007-12-03
Environmental response of living benthic foraminifera in Kiel Fjord, SW Baltic Sea
A. Nikulina
anikoulina@ifm-geomar.de
I. Polovodova
J. Schönfeld
Leibniz-Institute for Marine Sciences IFM-GEOMAR, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany
The living benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the Kiel Fjord (SW Baltic
Sea) were investigated in the years 2005 and 2006. The faunal studies were
accomplished by geochemical analyses of surface sediments. In general,
sediment pollution by copper, zinc, tin and lead was assessed as moderate in
comparison with levels reported from other areas of the Baltic Sea. However,
the inner Kiel fjord is still exposed to a high load of metals and organic
matter due to enhanced accumulation of fine-grained sediments in conjunction
with a concentration of pollution sources as shipyards, harbours and
intensive traffic. The results of our survey showed that the dominant
environmental forcing of benthic foraminifera is nutrients availability
coupled with human impact. A comparison with data from the 1960s revealed
apparent changes in species composition and population densities over the
past decades. The stress-tolerant species <i>Ammonia beccarii</i> invaded Kiel Fjord whereas
<i>Ammotium cassis</i> disappeared, possibly due to low salinity that prevailed 10 years ago.
These changes in foraminiferal community and a significant increase of test
abnormalities indicate enforced environmental stress since the 1960s.
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